Ibrahim, A., Angara, T., Ismail, A. (2016). Seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and brucella abortus in dairy animals from the Sudan: special emphasis to their serological co-existence. Journal of Applied Veterinary Sciences, 1(1), 37-42. doi: 10.21608/javs.2016.61828
Abdalla Mohamed Ibrahim; Tamadorr E.E. Angara; Ahmed Ali Ismail. "Seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and brucella abortus in dairy animals from the Sudan: special emphasis to their serological co-existence". Journal of Applied Veterinary Sciences, 1, 1, 2016, 37-42. doi: 10.21608/javs.2016.61828
Ibrahim, A., Angara, T., Ismail, A. (2016). 'Seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and brucella abortus in dairy animals from the Sudan: special emphasis to their serological co-existence', Journal of Applied Veterinary Sciences, 1(1), pp. 37-42. doi: 10.21608/javs.2016.61828
Ibrahim, A., Angara, T., Ismail, A. Seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and brucella abortus in dairy animals from the Sudan: special emphasis to their serological co-existence. Journal of Applied Veterinary Sciences, 2016; 1(1): 37-42. doi: 10.21608/javs.2016.61828
Seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and brucella abortus in dairy animals from the Sudan: special emphasis to their serological co-existence
1Prof. of Parasitology, Vice-Rector, Director of Abrar Research & Training Centre (ARTC), Abrar University, Mogadishu, Somalia
2College of Science and Technology of Animal Production, Sudan University of Science and Technology (SUST),
3College of Veterinary Medicine (SUST).
Receive Date: 10 May 2016,
Revise Date: 26 July 2016,
Accept Date: 17 August 2016
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis and brucellosis are the most common zoonotic food borne diseases worldwide. The abortion caused by these agents is one of the major causes of socio-economic losses in human and livestock. We thus conducted a cross-sectional study during October 2012 to April 2014 to determine the seroprevalence and the co-existence of Toxoplasma gondii and Brucella abortus in dairy cattle and the co-herded camels, sheep and goats in the Khartoum State using different serological techniques. The study revealed over all seroprevalence of 94.9% at herd level and 63.2% at individual level. T. gondii and B. abortus seroprevalence were 46.2% and 22.7% respectively. Seroprevalence of these zoonosis showed highly statistically significant (p < 0.01) differences among different localities and different animals species. Antibody to T. gondii was found to be more prevalent in Sheep, goats and camels respectively while antibody against B. abortus was more prevalent in cattle and camels. Mixed antibodies against the two zoonotic agents were detected in almost all seropositive herds (99.1%). Only one seropositive herd (0.9%) revealed a single Brucella abortus infection. Mix-infection was observed in 16.2% out of all seropositive animals. The univariate analysis of different localities and different animal species showed significant (p < 0.01) association with mix-infection seropositivity. Increasing odds ratios without significant (p>0.05) associations were observed in the multivariate analysis of districts and animals species (odds=2.588, CI 95%) for cattle and (odds=2.200, CI 95%) for camels compared to goats as reference. Generally, the present results were the first comprehensive data explaining the serological co-existence of T. gondii and B. abortus as zoonotic organisms in Sudanese food animals. We came to conclude that, the exposure to these organisms as well as their co-infection may play a significant role in the economic losses in dairy farm industry in the country. Moreover, the great public health importance of T. gondii, B. abortus and their co-existence could not be neglected. Further studies to elucidate their socio-economic consequences in man and his livestock are recommended.
ABD ELHAMEED A. A. 1991. Sero-epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in Gezira, Sudan. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 94:329-332.
ABDEL HAFEZ, A. A. 2013. Epidemiological study on Toxoplasma gondii infection in Beja sheep in The Red Sea State, Sudan. PhD thesis, Sudan academy of Science.
ABDEL-RAOUFF M. AND ELBASHEIR M. M. 2014. Sero-prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Khartoum and Omdurman Maternity Hospitals, Sudan. Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014; 2(6): 496-499.
ADNAN I 1994. Sero-epidemiology of human toxoplasmosis and internal parasites of cats in Khartoum. A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Science in Zoology, Faculty of Sciences. University of Khartoum, p. 210.
ANGARA, T- E.E.; 2005. Socio- economic Aspects of brucellosis in kuku Dairy scheme, Khartoum State, Sudan. PhD. Thesis, SUST.
ANGARA, T- E.E.; ISMAIL. A.A. A.; AGAB. H. AND SAEED, N. M. 2009. Seroprevalence of
DUBEY J. P. 1995. Letter to the editor: Determination of Toxoplasma gondii in organs of naturally infected cattle in Costa Rica - Comment. Vet. Parasitol., 60: 173-174.
DUBEY J. P., ROMAND S., HILALI M., KWOK O. C., THULLIEZ P. 1998. Seroprevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from Egypt. International journal of Parasitology. 28(3):527-529.
DUBEY J. P.; MORALES E.S. AND LEHMAN T. 2004. Isolation and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii from free-ranging chickens from Mexico. J. Parasitol., 90: 411-413.
ELFAHAL A.M.; AMIRA M. E.; HUSSIEN M. O.; ENAN K. A.; MUSA A. B. AND EL HUSSEIN A.M. 2013. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Dairy Cattle with Reproductive Problems in Sudan. Veterinary Science available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/895165
ELNAHAS A, GERAIS AS, ELBASHIR MI, ELDIEN ES, ADAM I 2003. Toxoplasmosis in pregnant Sudanese women. Saudi Med. J., 24(7): 868-870.
FIGLIUOLO, L.P.C., KASAI, N., RAGOZO, A.M.A., DE PAULA, V.S.O., DIAS, R.A., SOUZA, S.L.P., GENNARI, S.M., 2004. Prevalence of anti-toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in ovine from Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Vet. Parasitol. 123, 161-166.
HELMICK, B., OTTER, A., MCGARRY, J., BUXTON, D., 2002. Serological investigation of aborted sheep and pigs for infection by Neospora caninum. Res. Vet. Sci. 73, 187-189.
HILALI M., ROMAND S., THULLIEZ P., KWOK O. C., AND DUBEY J. P. 1998. Prevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sera from camels from Egypt. Veterinary parasitology. 75(2-3):269-271.
HUONG L. T., LJUNGSTORM B. L., UGGLA A., AND BJORKMAN C. 1998. Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in cattle and water buffalos in southern Vietnam. Veterinary parasitology. 75(1):53-57.
IBRAHIM A.M. ISMAIL A. A. ANGARA T. E.E. OSMAN M. O. 2014A. Area-wide Detection of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Dairy Animals from the Khartoum State, Sudan. Journal of life sciences, Vol. 8: (9), Pp.723-730. DOI: 10.17265/1934-7391/2014.09.001
KHALIL, M. K. and Elrayah, I. E. 2011. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in farm animals (camels, cattle, and sheep) in Sudan. Journal of Medicine and Animal Health Vol. 3(3), pp. 36-39.
KHALIL, M.; KODYM P.; MALY M.; EL-RAYAH I. E. 2013. Detection of acute toxoplasmosis in rural women in Sudan using different diagnostic tests. African Journal of Microbiology Research, Vol. 7(46), 5227-5233.
LINDSTRÖM I, KADDU-MULINDWA D, KIRONDE F, AND LINDH J. 2006. Prevalence of latent and reactivated Toxoplasma gondii parasites in HIV-patients from Uganda. Acta Trop. 100: 218-222
MAHA H. E.; EBTESAM M. A.; SAWSAN A. O.; ALAGAILI A. N.; AND MOHAMMED O. B. 2012. Molecular detection and prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women in Sudan. African Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 6(2), pp. 308-311.
MLFR, MINISTRY OF LIVESTOCK, FISHERIES AND RANGELANDS 2014. Animal breeds in Sudan. Proceedings of the regional Conference of Genetic improvement role in food security for Africa, 29-30 march 2014, Corinthia Hotel, Khartoum, Sudan.
NEGASH, T., TILAHUN, G. & MEDHIN, G. 2008. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Nazareth town, Ethiopia. East African Journal of Public Health 5, 211-214.
ORTEGA-MORA, L.M., GOTTSTEIN, B., CONRATHS , F. J. AND BUXTON, D. 2007. Protozoal Abortion in Farm Ruminants, Guide lines for Diagnosis and Control. CAB International, London, UK.
SERI I.H.; ABAKAR D.A. AND IDRIS F.O. 2003. A note on camel toxoplasmosis in the Sudan. 7th Sci Cong. Egyptian Soc for cattle Diseases. 153-157.
SVOBODOVA M.; Svobodova V., and Konard J. 1988. Relations between the occurrence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and the clinical findings in cats subjected to clinical examination. Veter.Med. Praha. 33:119-126.
SVOBODOVA V. and Literak I. 1998. Prevalence of IgM and IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in blood donors in the Czech Republic. European Journal of Epidemioloy. 14(8):803-805.
TENTER, A. M.; HEKEROTH, A. R. AND WEIS, L. M 2000. Toxoplasma gondii from animal to humans. Int J Parasitol. 30: 1217-1258.
TENTER, A.M. 2009.Toxoplasma gondii in animals used for human consumption. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 104(2): 364-369
WEISS, L.M., AND KIM, K. 2007. Toxoplasma gondii, The Model Apicomplexan- Perspective and Methods. Elsevier Ltd.
YILDIZ, K., KUL, O., BABUR, C., LILIC, S., GAZYAGCI, A., CELEBI, B., GURCAN, S., 2009. Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in dairy cattle ranches with high abortion rate: special emphasis to serologic co-existence with Toxoplasma gondii, Brucella abortus and Listeria monocytogenes. Vet. Parasitol. 164, 306-310.
View on SCiNiTO
Top