Evaluation Of Anti-Rabies Hyperimmune Serum Prepared Using Different Adjuvants

S.M., Edries; A. El – Tantawy, Lamees; R. Abdel Aziz, Wafaa; H.M, Ibrahim; A.E.  El-Shamandy, Omaima

doi:10.21608/javs.2020.21969.1003

Evaluation Of Anti-Rabies Hyperimmune Serum Prepared Using Different Adjuvants

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt

² Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt

10.21608/javs.2020.21969.1003

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Hyper immune antirabies serum have been prepared in horses using inactivated and live attenuated rabies ERA vaccines with three different adjuvants including 20% Rehydra gel ; 5% Pet gel-A and 20% calcium phosphate gel. Such preparation was conducted through inoculation of each of three horse groups with 8 increased doses (one dose twice weekly) of an inactivated vaccine followed by 4 doses of a live attenuated vaccine (one dose twice weekly) with the same adjuvant. All prepared vaccine formulae were found to be free from foreign contaminants and safe with no post inoculation abnormal signs in inoculated mice. Monitoring of the levels of exhibited rabies antibodies in the sera of immunized horses using serum neutralization test (SNT) and Rabies virus antibody quantitative ELISA kit revealed that the prepared rabies vaccines with 5% Pet gel A adjuvant induced the highest antibody titers (2048 by SNT and 2.20 by ELISA kit) with expected protection percentage 96.14% followed by those induced by 20% Calcium phosphate gel recording the values of 2048 by SNT and 2.11 by ELISA kit with expected protection percentage 92.2%. Lower values (1024 by SNT; 2.05 by ELISA kit and 89.59% protection percentage) were recorded for the Rehydra gel adjuvanted vaccine. These obtained data reflect the safety and potency of the prepared horse anti-rabies hyper immune serum (HARHIS) to be used for post exposure treatment in emergency cases and that is the Pet gel A was the best adjuvant to be used.

Keywords

References

AL-BEHWAR, A.M. 2009. Studies on prophylactic and emergency vaccination of farm animals against rabies, Ph. D. Thesis (Infectious diseases) Fac. Vet. Med. Cairo Univ.

ANON .2012. Definition of antiserum; Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012

BRITISH PHARMACOPOEIA (VETERINARY) .1985. Great Britain. Medicines Commission. English edition . London : HMSO, ©1985. https://www.worldcat.org/title/britishpharmacopoeiaveterinary/oclc/393352250&referer=brief_results

CENTRAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, KASAULI 2019. Rabies antiserum

EDRIES, S. M. 1994. Production of inactivated tissue culture rabies vaccine; Ph. D. Thesis, Fac. Vet. Med., Virology, Cairo Univ

EDRIES, S.M.; AMANI, A. SALEH; ALBEHWAR, A.M. AND HEMMET, EL-SHAMY S. E. 2017. Improvement of inactivated rabies vaccine using montanide pet gel-A; Benha J. Appl. Sci. (BJAS), Vol. 2 Issue 1, 145-149

FERREIRA, M.E. 1976. Prubada microneutralization proesludaes de anticurpos de la fiebre aftosa blin centro; Panoamericana de ubrea Akrosa, 211 : 17 – 24.

GIRARD, H.C.; BAYRAMOGLU, O.; EROL., N. AND BURGUT, A. 1977. Inactivation of (O1) FMD virus by binary ethylenimine (BEI)"; Bull. Off. Int. Epiz. 87(3-4): 201-217.

GREEN, C. E. AND RUPPRECHT, C. E. 2006. Rabies and other Lyssavirus infections; Infec. Dis. Dog and Cat., 3^rd Ed: 167-183.

KHODEIR, M. H. AND DAOUD, A. M. 2008. Preparation of anti-rabies hyperimmune serum for emergency immunization of farm animals. 4^th Int. Sci. Conf. NRC, 1-9.

MANNING S.E., RUPPRECHT C.E., FISHBEIN D., HANLON C.A., LUMLERTDACHA B., GUERRA M., MELTZER M.I., DHANKHAR P., VAIDYA S.A., JENKINS S.R., SUN B., HULL H.F. 2008. Human rabies prevention–United States, 2008: recommendations of the Advisory

MUPAPA, K; MASSAMBA, M; KIBADI, K; KUVULA, K; BWAKA, A; KIPASA, M; COLEBUNDERS, R; MUYEMBE-TAMFUM, J.J. 1999."Treatment of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever with Blood Transfusions from Convalescent Patients (suppl 1)"; The Journal of Infectious Diseases 179 Suppl 1 (Volume 179): S18–S23.

NIGG, A. J. AND WALKER, P. L. 2009. Overview: prevention and treatment of rabies; Pharmacotherapy 2009 Oct.; 29 (10): 1182-1185.

OIE, 2012. Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for the terrestrial animal .6^th edition of World Organization of Animal Health France Vol. 1 chapter 2.2.5

PARKERA, R., DEVILLEB, S., DUPUISB, L., BERTRANDB, F. AND AUCOUTURIERB, J. 2009. Adjuvant formulation for veterinary vaccines: Montanide™ Gel safety profile. 2nd Vaccine Global Congress, Boston 2008 Procedia in Vaccinology 1:140–147

RELYVELD, E.H. 1980. Calcium phosphate gel for adsorbing vaccines; In: vaccine preparation techniques; Noyes Data Corporation, Park Ridge, New Jersey, U.S.A.

RUPPRECHT, C.E., SHLIM D.R. 2014. Infectious diseases related to travel. In Rabies, CDC Health information for international travel. Atlanta: CDC.

DEVILLEA, S., CARNEAUXA, E., BERTRANDA, F., CAUCHARDB, S., CAUCHARDB, J., DUPUISA, L. 2011. Adjuvant Formulation for Companion Animals Vaccines. 4th Vaccine and ISV Annual Global Congress, Procedia in Vaccinology 4 :104–112

SINGH, K.V.; OSMAN, O.A.; THANAA, I. BAZ AND IVON, EL-CICY 1967. Colostral transfer of rinderpest neutralizing antibodies to offspring of vaccinated damsCan. J. Comp. Med. Vet. Sci., 31: 295-298.

WHO 1973. Expert committee on biological standardization; requirements of rabies vaccine for human use; Tech. Rep. Ser., 658: 54-130

WHO 2005. WHO expert consultation on rabies.World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 931:1-88.

WHO 2007. Rabies and envenomings: a neglected public health issue: report of a Consultative Meeting, WHO, Geneva, 10 January 2007.

WHO 2018. Rabies vaccines and immunoglobulins: WHO position April 2018

WHO 2018. WHO announces new rabies recommendations, 15 January 2018 Geneva