Impact of climate change on ruminant health and Emerging Diseases in Egypt

Kassem, Ashraf; Khattab, Marwa S.; Ismael, Elshaimaa; Osman, Ahmed H.

doi:10.21608/javs.2025.379741.1599

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	Impact of climate change on ruminant health and Emerging Diseases in Egypt
Article 10, Volume 10, Issue 3, July 2025, Page 106-117 PDF (373.1 K)
Document Type: Review Article
DOI: 10.21608/javs.2025.379741.1599
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Authors
Ashraf Kassem ¹; Marwa S. Khattab ¹; Elshaimaa Ismael²; Ahmed H. Osman¹
¹Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
²Department of Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
Receive Date: 05 May 2025, Revise Date: 04 June 2025, Accept Date: 07 June 2025
Abstract
Climate change is one of the biggest risks to animal health. Although extensive livestock production was one of the major contributing causes of this change. Egypt’s climate has unique factors that are influenced by its geographic position. The average temperature throughout the year, relative humidity and heat waves in Egypt were escalating, especially in Upper Egypt. There is a direct and indirect link between climate change and animal diseases, which present as a serious health threat. Ruminants are stressed by meteorological changes, which lower their immunity and make them more susceptible to infections. In ruminant animals, climate change can lead to higher temperatures and humidity levels that facilitate the reproduction, survival, and transmission of certain bacteria, viruses, and parasites that cause diseases. In livestock production, heat stress (HS) is a major stressor as it acts as a severe climate shock. Multiple weather variables contribute to the adverse effects of HS, such as high ambient temperatures, humidity, solar radiation, and wind speeds, which negatively impact animal welfare and productivity. The aim of this review article is to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the influence of climate and climate change on the health of food-producing cattle and sheep as well as explore its potential relationship with increased incidence of ill bleeding, jaundice and feverish cases in slaughtered animals.
Keywords
Climate change; Heat stress; livestock production; Ruminant diseases; Pathology
Main Subjects
Pathology


References
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